U can share it too....
Good night.....

What's a UTI (Urinary Tract Infection)?
--Urinary tract is composed of bladder, kidneys, urethra and ureters.
--UTI is an infection of any part of the urinary system.
--UTI's are given names depending in where they occur e.g
1. Cystitis --bladder infection
2. Urethritis --Urethra infection
3.pyelonephritis --kidney infection
4. Infection in ureters is very rare

--Women are likely to develop uti's than men due to anatomical differences.
--Urethra is shorter in women than in men and its closer to the anus making it more likely that bacteria are transferred to the bladder.
--Children and women most affected compared to men.

Causes of UTI
--Commonly caused by bacteria e.g Escherichia Coli

Risk factors of developing UTI
--Sexual intercourse --esp more frequent, intense and with multiple or new partners
--diabetic patients
--Poor personal hygiene
--Problems emptying bladder completely
--Having a urinary catheter
--People with suppressed immune system
--Prolonged use of antibiotics
--Immobility for a long period

Symptoms of UTI
--Frequent and strong urge to urinate
--Cloudy , bloody or strong smelling urine
--Pain or burning sensation when urinating
--Per vaginal discharge foul smelling
--Lower abdominal pains
--itching
--Back pain

Investigation
--Urinalysis--testing urine sample for presence of wbcs, rbcs, proteins, bacteria.
--other tests to rule out differential diagnosis depending on signs and symptoms of patient:
--Vdrl
--culture and sensitivity
--HIV test
--HVS(High vaginal swab)

For those with recurrent UTI
1. Diagnostic imaging-- Ultrasound, Ct scan, MRI and X-rays.
2. Urodynamics --Procedure that determines how well the urinary tract is storing and releasing urine.
3. Cystoscopy

Treatment
--Most uti's are caused by bacteria
--Treatment is by use of antibiotics as by the current ministry of health guidelines.
--Fungal infections e.g vaginal candidiasis can b treated using antifungals eg Fluconazole, Clotrimazole pessaries inserted in the vagina more conveniently at night. Creams e.g clozole B can also b applied. vintage inspired wears for maid of honor in tea length

Prevention Of UTI's
--Drinking lots of water
--urinate frequently
--Urinate shortly after sex
--Wipe from front to back after urinating and bowel movement
--Avoid douching
--Personal hygiene/keep genital area clean
--Sanitary pads or menestral caps are preffered to tampons
--Wear cotton under wear and loose fitting to keep the area around urethra dry.
--Avoid using any perfumed products in the genital area.
--men to keep tip of their penis clean esp if you're uncircumcised, fore skin can trap bacteria which can enter urinary tract and cause infection.